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when choosing a server power supply unit (psu) for a data center or a server rack, one of the crucial considerations is to ensure the power supply can handle its peak power demand during heaviest load.
One of the essential tools for achieving this goal is the concept of server single-rail derivative current, or sometimes derating. In this article, we will delve into the realm of derating factors, aiming to clarify their role in powersupply selection and رله الکترونیکی data center cabling design.

First, let us define derating. In electrical engineering, the term refers to the practice of reducing maximum continuous output levels for a device below their rated limits, in order to prevent overheating, and prevent other performance issues. Server PSU manufacturers often incorporate derating into the design as a failsafe measure, allowing the devices to operate within safe temperature ranges, guaranteeing the performance and preventing any potential equipment failure.

The derating factor is the proportion of maximum rated power to the actual output capacity, in some cases expressed in decimal for easy visibility and comprehensibility. Derating can be categorized into three types:

1. -Input line sequence voltage variation derating factor
   
2. -Standard output derating
   
3. -Optional internal deratic curves derating
   
   

A common derating factor found in server PSU specifications is the "Inlet air temperature" value which tells you how much of the PSU's capacity is available at maximum temperature 40 degrees Celsius. Let us suppose the PSU's rated current is 24 amps and we know the derating factor at 273 Kelvin or 0 degrees Celsius is approximately 89: that means that at zero degrees the PSU has an actual output of 22.256 amperes times the PSU's voltage. Its maximum rated capacity at any temperature.